HIV is found in body fluids. It has
been found to be present in infectious quantities in genital fluids (vaginal
fluids, semen and moisture in the rectum), blood and breast milk.
The main ways in which HIV is
passed on are:
- through unprotected anal, vaginal and oral sex,
- by sharing injecting equipment, and
- from a mother to her baby during pregnancy, birth or breastfeeding.
Condoms provide a percent of protection
against HIV transmission during sex.
If you inject drugs, you can
reduce the risk of HIV and other infections by not sharing needles or other
injecting equipment.
With the right treatment and care
during pregnancy and birth, and by not breastfeeding, it’s nearly always
possible to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV.Effective HIV treatment, which
reduces viral load, has been shown to reduce the risk of transmission.
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